The CompactRIO platform is an advanced embedded data acquisition and control system designed for applications that require high performance and reliability. The system is based on an open embedded architecture, small size, high ruggedness, network connectivity and rich sensor measurement capabilities, making it ideal for structural health and seismic monitoring applications. CompactRIO combines NI LabVIEW Real-Time Module with LabVIEW FPGA technology to enable you to design, program, and customize CompactRIO embedded systems using easy-to-use graphical programming tools.
This document is part of a set of structural health monitoring resources for field applications.
1. NI CompactRIO Features
Small and rugged embedded data acquisition and control system
Hot-swappable C-Series measurement module with built-in signal conditioning for direct connection to multiple sensor types
Embedded real-time processor and field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip for reliable stand-alone operation or distributed operation
LabVIEW graphical programming tool accelerates system development
Easy Internet and network access via Ethernet connection
Extreme industry certification and environmental rating:
(1)-40 to 70 ° C (-40 to 158 ° F) operating temperature (2) 50 g shock rating (3) up to 2,300 Vrms isolation (withstand)
(4) International safety, EMC and environmental certification (5) Grade 1 and 2 for poor working conditions
The CompactRIO system includes a real-time controller, a reconfigurable chassis, and several measurement I/O modules. The reconfigurable chassis features a high-performance FPGA that provides dedicated bandwidth for high-speed sensor data, as well as underlying customization for timing and I/O signal processing. The real-time controller includes an industrial-grade processor that can be operated in a networked or stand-alone mode. The controller also includes an Ethernet port for network interconnection and communication functions, a built-in web server, and a serial port for connecting to peripheral devices. Ports, as well as non-volatile memory for data logging.
Figure 2: CompactRIO System Architecture
2. C Series I/O Module
NI's C Series modules are compact measurement and I/O modules that integrate signal connections, signal conditioning, and A/D conversion to provide direct connection to a wide range of sensors for dynamic acquisition and static monitoring. Low noise design, 24-bit A/D technology with built-in anti-aliasing filter, high speed A/D slew rate and electrical isolation ensure reliable and accurate sensor data acquisition.
The C Series modules listed in Table 1 can support common sensors in structural monitoring applications such as strain gauges, accelerometers, displacement meters, and a variety of environmental sensors. To see a full list of all C Series modules, visit ni.com/compactrio/cseries.
Table 1: Examples of C Series Modules for Structural Monitoring and Testing
3. Real-time processor and embedded FPGA
The CompactRIO embedded system features an industrial grade Freescale MPC5200 processor running at 400 MHz, which enables high-precision implementation of LabVIEW real-time applications on a reliable Wind River VxWorks real-time operating system. At the same time, you can use more than 600 LabVIEW's own functions to implement your multi-threaded embedded system for real-time control, analysis, data logging and communication applications. You can also save time by integrating existing C/C++ code with LabVIEW real-time code.
The CompactRIO chassis also includes an embedded FPGA, a high-performance, reconfigurable chip that provides an interface to match C Series I/O modules. After configuring CompactRIO in Scan Mode, you can complete the timing and synchronization of all C Series modules without programming the FPGA, transferring data directly to the LabVIEW Real-Time System for local processing, recording, or communication. In addition, you can use the LabVIEW FPGA tools to graphically program embedded FPGAs and implement complex timing, triggering, synchronization, control, and signal processing for analog I/O and digital I/O.
4. Local data storage
The CompactRIO controller also includes a non-volatile memory for locally saving data. You can choose from 128 MB up to 2 GB of built-in memory with a fault-tolerant file system. Some controllers also come with a USB port that can be connected to a USB flash drive and memory device. In addition, the optional NI 9802 plug-in module provides two slots for a removable SD memory card.
5. Communication and connection
The CompactRIO controller features a 10/100 Mb/s Ethernet port and serial port for communication over TCP/IP, UDP, Modbus/TCP and serial protocols. The controller also provides a built-in web server (HTTP) and file server (FTP) for easy Internet connection.
Table 2: List of Communication Ports of CompactRIO Controller
6. Compact size and ruggedness for field use
The rugged system of CompactRIO has a wide operating temperature range (-40 to 70 ° C) and a high level of shock resistance (up to 50 g shock resistance), making it ideal for installation on bridges and other outdoor structures.
CompactRIO's compact size and high I/O density also help simplify the installation process. The CompactRIO chassis is available in both 4- and 8-slot configurations. See Table 2 for size options.
Table 3: Physical Size List of CompactRIO Chassis/Controller
7. CompactRIO Software Overview
As a graphical development environment, LabVIEW provides high flexibility and ease of use for high performance data acquisition and data logging applications. You can use the LabVIEW Real-Time Module to build a program that runs reliably on the CompactRIO real-time controller. It can be selected from more than 600 built-in LabVIEW functions, including direct access to I/O modules for real-time control, analysis, and data. Record and communicate to build an application. You can also integrate existing C/C++ code with LabVIEW Real-Time Module code. For applications that require custom timing and signal processing, you can use the LabVIEW FPGA Module to customize the FPGA in a CompactRIO chassis. Develop your LabVIEW Real-Time program or LabVIEW FPGA program on the host computer using graphical programming, and then download the program to CompactRIO. Programs downloaded to CompactRIO can be run standalone or connected to other systems to run on a network. When running online with other PCs or embedded touch screens, you can also use LabVIEW to quickly build a Human Machine Interface (HMI) or other user interface for your CompactRIO system.
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