The 8031/8051/8751 is an early product of Intel Corporation.
1, the characteristics of 8031
The 8031 ​​does not have a program memory ROM. When used, the user needs to connect an external program memory and a logic circuit 373. The external program memory is mostly the 2764 series of EPROM. If the user wants to modify the program written to the EPROM, he must first wipe it with a special UV lamp and then write it. There is no confidentiality in the program code written to the add-in memory.
2, the characteristics of 8051
There are 4k ROM in the 8051 chip, no need for external external memory and 373, which can better reflect the "single piece" concise. But the program you edited can't be written into its ROM. Only the program is sent to the chip factory for you to write it, and it is a one-off. You and the chip factory can't rewrite its contents in the future.
3, the characteristics of 8751
The 8751 is basically the same as the 8051, but there are 4k EPROMs in the 8751. Users can write their own programs into the EPROM of the MCU for field experiments and applications. The EPROM rewrite also needs to be irradiated with UV light for a certain period of time and then burned. write.
Due to the early application of the above types of single-chip microcomputers, the impact has become very large and has become the de facto industry standard. Later, many chip manufacturers cooperated with Intel in various ways, and also introduced the same type of single-chip microcomputer. Like many versions of a single-chip microcomputer, although the manufacturing process is constantly changing, the kernel is the same, that is to say, this type The MCU instruction system is fully compatible, and most of the pins are also compatible; they can be directly interchanged in use. People collectively refer to these same single-chip microcomputers as the "51 series single-chip microcomputer", and learn one of them, then all 51 series.
4, AT89C51, AT89S51 features
Among the many 51 series MCUs, it is more practical to use ATMEL's AT89C51 and AT89S51, because it is not only fully compatible with 8051 instructions and pins, but also its on-chip 4K program memory is FLASH process. It can be erased and rewritten instantaneously by means of electricity. These functions are generally available to programmers specially designed for ATMEL AT89xx. Obviously, this kind of single-chip computer has low requirements for development equipment and the development time is also greatly shortened. Programs written into the microcontroller can also be encrypted, which in turn protects your work. Then, the current price of AT89C51 and AT89S51 is lower than that of the 8031, and the market supply is also sufficient.
The AT89S51 and 52 are new models introduced by ATMEL in 2003. In addition to being fully compatible with the 8051, there are more ISP programming and watchdog functions. We also designed a programming, learning, and experiment board specifically for this new film.
5, AT89C2051, AT89C1051 and other characteristics
ATMEL's 51 series also has AT89C2051, AT89C1051 and other varieties, these chips are based on the AT89C51 based on some features to streamline the formation of a streamlined version. AT89C2051 removed the P0 port and P2 port, the internal program FLASH memory is also as small as 2K, the package form is also changed from 51 P40 foot to 20 feet, the corresponding price is also lower, especially suitable for some smart toys, handheld instruments, etc. The program is not used in the circuit environment; AT89C1051 on the basis of 2051, once again streamlined the serial port function, etc., the program memory is reduced to 1k again, of course, the price is lower.
For 2051 and 1051, although some resources have been lost, they have integrated a precision comparator on the chip. Don't underestimate this small comparator. It provides great convenience for us to measure some analog signals. With the addition of several resistors and capacitors, we can measure the amount of voltage, temperature, etc. we need daily. This is a valuable resource for the design of many household appliances.
ATMEL's 51, 2051, and 1051 are available in a variety of packages, such as the AT89C(S)51 with PDIP, PLCC, and PQFP/TQFP packages; the 2051/1051 has PDIP and SOIC packages. The figure below is a partial package of the object.
Since the cores of the 51 series MCUs are the same, the books of the Intel MCS 8051 MCU are still used in the 51 MCU teaching materials. The development software and tools are the same. We collectively refer to the 8051 development system, environment, and so on. For example, the assembler ASM51, Keil C51, MedWin, etc. introduced on our website are all development software for the 8051 core microcontroller.
Single pair AT89C51, AT89S51, in the actual circuit can be directly interchanged 8051\\8751, replace 8031 ​​is only the 31st foot is different, 8031 ​​because there is no internal ROM, 31 feet need to be grounded (GND), the microcontroller will be after the start The external program memory reads the instruction; while the 8051/8751/89c51 has a program memory internally, the 31 pin is connected to the high level (VCC), and the instruction is directly read internally after the microcontroller is started. That is, the 31 pin of the 51 chip controls whether the single-chip program reads from the internal or external, the 31-pin is connected to the power supply, the program reads from the inside, the 31-pin is grounded, and the program is read from the outside. No other changes are required. In addition, after replacing 8031 ​​with AT89C51 and AT89s51, since there is no need for external memory, it is not necessary to install the external memory of the original circuit and the 373 chip.
6, the difference between 89S51 and 89C51
MCS-51 MCU is a product launched by INTE in the United States in 1980. The typical product is 8031 ​​(there is no program memory inside, the actual use has been eliminated by the market), 8051 (chip adopts HMOS, the power consumption is 630mW, which is 5 times that of 89C51). , the actual use has been eliminated by the market) and 8751 and other general-purpose products, until now, MCS-51 core series compatible microcontroller is still the mainstream application of applications (such as the current popular 89S51, 89C51, etc.), colleges and professional schools The training materials are still based on the theoretical basis of the MCS-51 microcontroller. Some documents even refer to the MCS-51 series of single-chip microcomputers. The 8051 is the most typical representative of the early days. The MCS-51 core has actually become the standard of an 8-bit microcontroller.
Other companies' 51 MCU products are compatible with the MCS-51 core. The same piece of program, the results run on the hardware of each microcontroller manufacturer are the same, such as ATMEL 89C51 (has been discontinued), 89S51, PHILIPS (Philips), and WINBOND (Huabang), etc., we often say The discontinued 89C51 refers to ATMEL's AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer. At the same time, it has enhanced many features, such as clocks. It is better to use Flash (the program memory can be rewritten at least 1000 times). The memory is taken with the original ROM. (Write once), the performance of the AT89C51 is already very good compared to the 8051.
However, in terms of marketization, the 89C51 has been challenged by the PIC microcontroller camp. The most fatal flaw of the 89C51 is that it does not support the ISP (Online Update Program) function. It must add new features such as the ISP function to better extend the legend of the MCS-51. 89S51 is to replace 89C51 in this background. Now, 89S51 has become a new darling in the practical application market. Atmel, which is the market share first, has discontinued AT89C51 and will replace it with AT89S51. The 89S51 has been improved in terms of technology. The 89S51 uses a new 0.35 process, which reduces costs and increases functionality and competitiveness. The 89SXX can be compatible with 51 series chips such as 89CXX. At the same time, Atmel no longer accepts orders from 89CXX. The 89C51 that everyone sees on the market is actually a huge inventory of Atmel's pre-production. If the market needs it, Atmel can of course resume production of the AT89C51.
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