Industrial lighting involves a wide range of sites and operations, ranging from fine processing in small workshops to heavy industrial production in tall plants, as well as in hazardous areas such as inflammables and explosives. According to the different places and the nature of the work, the corresponding design is provided to provide comfortable, economical and safe lighting for the staff.
Factory lighting requirements
Industrial lighting should ensure the comfort and safety of workers with a certain illumination. Reasonable lighting balances the lighting level of the entire ground area and working surface.
Table 1: Ambient standard values ​​on some workplaces
Illustration: Lighting in a wool factory
Emergency lighting (accident lighting) requirements
Accident lighting meets: Under normal lighting conditions, it can be quickly activated to complete the function of emergency lighting. The factory must have accident lighting and safety evacuation instructions.
Table 2: Minimum illumination of the US factory lighting standards to ensure personnel safety
Illustration: Factory emergency safety passage and emergency lighting
Hazardous area lighting requirements
The layout of the refinery and tank farms is extremely complex, with major lighting obstacles and working surfaces of different height levels.
Illustration: Saudi Arabia Refinery
The high-level floodlights are installed in a number of locations outside the hazardous area to provide safe walking and some piecework work. In other places where the system does not provide sufficient illumination, some scattered local lighting fixtures such as stairs, aisles, valves and metering areas need to be installed.
Illustration: Refinery
The placement of these fixtures should be carefully chosen to avoid glare when viewed from different horizontal directions. Most local lighting equipment has bulkheads or well-shaped glass frames that use high-pressure or low-pressure gas discharge lamps and are compatible with the hazard levels of operations and materials in the area.
Cargo handling area and stockyard lighting requirements
These areas are mostly used for the storage and transfer of containers or other large items, so lighting obstacles have once again become a major design issue. Since most obstacles are movable, fixed local lighting cannot be used.
Illustration: a container terminal in China
In addition, consider the movement of trucks, forklifts, lift arms and gantry cranes. Floodlights mounted on high poles, towers or construction sites provide general illumination for the locomotive on the rails, the means of transport on the road and the safety actions of the crew, while the local lighting for the shipment is provided by the gantry The spotlight on the finish is completed. Because there will be vibrations at these locations, gas discharge lamps with better seismic performance are more suitable, but it is necessary to pay attention to the fluctuation range of the control voltage can not exceed the standard of the lamps, otherwise the lamps are extremely easy to break.
Port lighting requirements
For the lighting of the dock, the floodlights should be installed at the periphery of the boundary so that the lights are not affected by obstacles in the work area, that is, where the goods are loaded and unloaded. This arrangement may cause shadows on the deck of the ship that is moored on the shore at low tide. Therefore, it is necessary to have floodlighting on the deck and on the crane arm.
Illustration: Night view of the port of Malaga, Spain
Docks and deck luminaires must be resistant to marine saline environments; commonly used materials are die-cast aluminum, brass, stainless steel and other plastics. Also, make sure that the lighting on the side of the dock does not interfere with the navigation lights.
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