Based on the current power consumption of highway tunnel lighting, especially in the western part of China, there are many tunnels, small traffic, and less nighttime, resulting in a large amount of wasted energy. To this end, combined with the actual situation in the west, a new road tunnel lighting application scheme was proposed. LED lighting combined with segmentation control technology was used to simulate the tunnel and realize the intelligent control of brightness and the movement of the vehicle with the vehicle. The purpose of energy saving.
At the World Climate Conference in Copenhagen, Premier Wen Jiabao on behalf of China promised that by 2020, the total CO2/GDP ratio will be reduced by 40% to 45% on the basis of 2005. China is mountainous and the mountainous area accounts for 2/3 of the country's total area. It has brought great inconvenience to traffic construction. By the end of 2009, there were as many as 6,139 national highway tunnels, including 190 special long tunnels and 905 long tunnels. The power consumed by tunnel lighting is quite huge. To this end, we have studied the lighting methods of highway tunnels.
1 Tunnel lighting design essentials
During the day when the driver drives the vehicle from the outside of the tunnel to enter, enter and pass through the tunnel, if there is no lighting device in the tunnel, due to the great difference in brightness between the inside and outside of the tunnel, there will be a “black hole†at the entrance and a “light hole†at the exit. "At night, the driver enters and passes through the tunnel with the lighting system, and the situation is just the opposite. These phenomena will cause a safety accident." To this end, the "Code for Design of Ventilation Lighting for Road Tunnels" has formulated relevant specifications, and detailed regulations on the brightness of the inlet section, transition section, intermediate section and exit section are as follows:
1) Inlet section brightness requirement Lth (cd/m2)
Where k is the reduction factor and L20(S) is the outside brightness (cd/m2)
2) Transition section brightness requirements
The brightness Ltr1 of the illumination segment TR1 is as follows:
The brightness Ltr2 of the illumination segment TR2 is as follows:
The brightness Ltr3 of the illumination segment TR3 is as follows:
3) The middle section brightness Lin, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Middle section brightness specification
4) The brightness of the exit section.
The brightness is 5 times the brightness of the middle section.
The night illumination is divided into two levels: when the traffic volume is large, the brightness is equal to the brightness of the middle section; when the traffic volume is small, the brightness is 0.5Lin but not less than 1 cd/m2.
2 LED smart light design
2.1 Comparison of LED Intelligent Lighting and Traditional Lighting in Tunnels
1) Traditional tunnel lighting scheme
In order to save energy, the traditional tunnel lighting scheme usually adopts four levels of lighting, namely, four types of lighting modes: sunny, cloudy, cloudy and heavy cloudy. This control method generally uses the number and position of the lighting to control The purpose of grading lighting. The lamp used is also a traditional high-pressure sodium lamp. Because the power specifications of the high-pressure sodium lamp source are only 100 W, 150 W, 250 W and 400 W, many highway tunnel basic lighting fixtures only need 40~120 W. However, the basic lighting of tunnels usually uses high-pressure sodium lamps of 100 W, 150 W or higher [3], and there is widespread over-illumination or manual control.
When designing the power of the luminaire, it is necessary to consider a certain maintenance factor, so as to ensure that when the brightness of the luminaire source is attenuated and the luminaire is contaminated and the brightness is reduced by more than 30% in the actual operation process, the intensity of the illumination can still meet the specification. Claim.
In the "Code for Design of Ventilation Lighting for Road Tunnels", the maintenance factor is 0.7. If a tunnel actually needs 80 W of lamps, then the design of the lamp should be at least 115 W. At the same time, the lamps will be taken over time. In the end, there will be loss in itself. In order to ensure that the luminaire can meet the design specifications, it must have a certain amount of redundancy, generally 1.7 times, then the design power is higher than 136 W, so 150 W high-pressure sodium lamp is used.
2) LED intelligent lighting solutions
LEDs have high luminous efficiency, long life and easy control. For example, if a tunnel actually needs 80 W lamps, LED smart lights can be used to control 80 W specifications to avoid excessive lighting. Intelligently control the illumination brightness of the LED lights in the tunnel according to the brightness outside the tunnel, especially the brightness adjustment of the entrance section and the transition section. That is, according to the designed driving speed of the tunnel, it is necessary to design the road section to be bright, and the lighting fixtures are controlled more. Bright (LED smart lights must also have a certain amount of redundancy) to avoid excessive lighting, which can save energy and reduce pollution emissions.
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