Electronic enthusiasts eight o'clock: US International Data Corporation recently released a report that China (the mainland) will remain the world's largest and fastest-growing robotics market, spending on robotics will account for more than 30% of global spending. China’s robotics spending in 2020 is expected to reach $59.4 billion, more than double the estimated expenditure of $24.6 billion in 2016. This amount will account for about half of the $133 billion in robotic technology spending in the Asia-Pacific region in 2020.
With the advancement of "Made in China 2025", "machine substitution" has become the trend of the times, which has made Chinese robots the world's number one in four consecutive years. The localities have placed the robot industry in a priority position. According to statistics, there are 28 provinces that focus on developing the robot industry in China, more than 40 robot industry parks, and more than 500 robot companies. In stark contrast to this "hot", in China's huge robotic consumer market, local brand robots account for only 4%, and a large number of key parts of domestic robots rely on imports.
At the time of the conversion of old and new kinetic energy, the robot industry has become one of the new highlights. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in 2016, the output of industrial robots in China has reached 72,400 units, an increase of 34.3% year-on-year, and the scale of the industry is expanding.
High-tech robots such as man-machine collaboration robots have been introduced to the market. Orthopedic surgery robots have been applied in batches in the top three hospitals. The know-how of some robots such as speech recognition and image recognition has reached the international advanced level. The service robots are in medical surgery. Rehabilitation, catering and other fields have been applied.
On the one hand, the “machine substitution†plan is in full swing. Many local governments are competing to subsidize the robots on the enterprise. On the one hand, the large and small robot industrial parks are starting to emerge, and the “robot concept stocks†have become the new favorite of the stock market...
According to incomplete statistics, there are dozens of robotic industrial parks or industrial bases that have been built and planned in various places. The total number of enterprises in the relevant industrial chain has increased from more than 200 in the beginning of 2014 to thousands today, and in the A-share listed companies. The so-called "robot concept stocks" are more than 50.
In Dongguan, the annual financial output of 200 million yuan to support enterprises "machine substitution." The “Songshan Lake International Robot Industry Base†was established in November 2014. The total planned investment of the base is about 2.7 billion yuan.
He Minjia, chairman of Guangzhou CNC Equipment Co., Ltd. lamented: The domestic robot industry is really hot.
Repeated construction of low-end robot production capacity "super-editing"The industry divides the entire robot industry chain into upper, middle and lower levels: the upstream is the core component, mainly the reducer and control system, which is equivalent to the "brain" of the robot; the middle reaches is the robot body, that is, the "body" of the robot; downstream It is a system integrator that relies on the core equipment of upstream and midstream to make integration products.
“Not only in the Pearl River Delta region, 90% of domestic robot companies are in the downstream.†This is a summary of the convergence of the current situation of the robot business owners visited by reporters.
In Dongguan Songshan Lake Technology Industrial Park, more than 30 robot-related enterprises have been gathered. Jiang Shilong, president of the Dongguan Robot Industry Association, said that there are more than 200 companies involved in the robot industry in Dongguan, including less than one-third of intellectual property. “Although the number is considerable, there are few influential enterprises in the industry, and the industry is scattered.†The industrial chain is characterized by “large downstream, scattered midstream, and lack of upstreamâ€.
Due to the lack of core technology, the vast majority of robot companies downstream of the “chained up†industrial chain are still small and medium-sized enterprises, which are far from the international giants such as ABB, Fanuc and Kuca, and are not at all an order of magnitude. Correspondingly, these companies produce lower levels of robotic applications and intelligence. He Minjia said that the German and Japanese companies' robots are mainly high-end industrial robots with 6 or more axes, and they monopolize the high-end industry fields of robotic applications such as automobile manufacturing. At present, the enterprises in the Pearl River Delta and even the whole country are mostly carrying and moving. Medium and low-end robots based on materials.
Wu Hong, general manager of Shenzhen Gutech Co., Ltd., which develops and produces controllers, told reporters that the current domestic robot companies’ products are mainly based on Cartesian robots, which are at the low end of the industry, innovation and production application level and international The gap between advanced companies is too great.
90% of key components are importedIn the factory workshop that has implemented the "machine substitution" program in the Pearl River Delta, it will be found that industrial robots and robots capable of intelligent automated operations are Swiss ABB, Kuka, Yaskawa, and Faso. Fanuc products. According to the Guangdong Intelligent Robot Research Institute, foreign companies represented by these four companies account for more than 70% of the Chinese industrial robot market.
The development of industrial robots must break through the key problem of robot core component technology. The reason why China's industrial robot market is occupied by international giants is that the core components such as reducers, servo motors and controllers are “subject to peopleâ€, and most of them rely on imports, so that the cost of domestic brand robots is not comparable to that of foreign brand robots. What is the advantage.
Shi Jinbo, general manager of Dongguan Songshan Lake International Robot Industry Base, said that at present, there are only a few sporadic enterprises in Dongguan that can carry out research and development of key components of industrial robots. Most of the 90% of key components and medium and high-end CNC systems rely on imports. For example, a large number of imported high-performance CNC systems from Siemens, Japan, Fanuc and Mitsubishi, and low-end imports from Taiwan.
In addition, many general-purpose precision components, such as guide rails, reducers, servo motors, etc., must also rely on imports. At present, in the field of controllers, servo motors and drives, a number of local enterprises with a certain level of technology have emerged, but compared with foreign products, there are still technical gaps such as large volume and small output power, while in the case of precision reducers, There are representative companies.
"We are aware of the importance and necessity of industrial robot reducers in robots. We hope to break the monopoly of foreign RV reducers, reduce the cost of robots, and find a way out for domestic robots," said He Minjia. According to reports, the current RV reducer of Guangzhou CNC has reached an annual output of more than 300 sets, and the precision is close to the world advanced level.
The promotion of machine substitution and automation technology transformation in various places has brought a huge market to the industrial robot industry. The relevant person in charge of the Guangdong Provincial Economic and Information Commission disclosed that the investment in technological transformation of large-scale enterprises in Guangdong will reach more than 900 billion yuan in the next three years.
Chen Qixing, chairman of Guangdong Changying Precision Co., told reporters that the average price of a set of imported industrial robots is 350,000 yuan, plus automation solutions and supporting equipment, which will cost 450,000 yuan or even millions of yuan. It takes hundreds of millions of yuan to upgrade and upgrade a company.
Many international robot companies are ready to cooperate with Chinese companies to set up production bases in China, in advance for the upcoming growth in demand for robots. The heads of some domestic robot companies said that if domestic enterprises do not break through the core technologies, it is likely that "China's support policies have emerged and foreign companies have been fired."
What is even more worrying is that weak, small, and scattered enterprises will not let the emerging robot industry quickly fall into the low-end overcapacity spells in the triumph of the high-tech industry? In pursuit of high-end breakthroughs, the future of the domestic robot industry and applications may encounter difficulties. The result can only be 'others eat meat', we 'drink soup'." Qu Daokui, chairman of the China Robot Industry Alliance, said.
Grab the "wind vent" and attack the "gate"The robot is considered to be the “Pearl of the Top of the Manufacturing Crown†and is naturally favored by all countries. The United States proposed "manufacturing returns" and vigorously developed artificial intelligence and robotics; the European Union proposed the "new industrial revolution" and vigorously promoted emerging industries such as robots and digital technologies; Japan and South Korea also listed robots as future strategic emerging technologies.
Li Dong, director of the Equipment Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, reminded that the development of the robot industry is not to chase the "window", but to attack the "gateway" and select the bottleneck of the quasi-industry to make breakthroughs. Although the robot industry is very hot, the place must be kept calm when developing.
How to curb the low-level redundant construction and promote the robot industry to the middle and high-end? Xin Guobin, deputy minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that the next step will further integrate the industry's innovative resources, promote the establishment of a robot innovation center, and focus on supporting the quality of key components and Improve the reliability of energy, and at the same time carry out pilot demonstration, promotion and application of talents and talent cultivation. To prevent disorderly expansion and standardize the development of the industry, we will start from strengthening planning, improving entry barriers, and setting industry standards.
How to rush out of the “gateway� The founder of Li Xunda’s founder, Huo Jintian, is deeply aware of the importance of R&D and talent. At present, 70% of the company's team is R&D personnel. Previously, the talents mainly relied on hiring experienced engineers from the industry to join. He hopes to supplement talents through joint training with universities in the future.
The robot industry is a typical "three highs" - high technology, high talent, and high investment. Funding is also an important guarantee for technical research. Take Guangzhou CNC as an example. Last year, R&D expenditure reached 150 million yuan, exceeding the sales revenue of enterprises by 10%. For more than 10 years, R&D expenditures accounted for more than 5% of total sales revenue.
At the same time as enterprises invest, the role of fiscal funds in the "four or two" is not to be underestimated. At present, many local governments have given financial subsidies for the implementation of machine substitution and intelligent equipment upgrades. Although it is conducive to reducing the high cost of enterprise upgrades and promoting the development of the robot industry, the robot industry believes that limited financial resources should be invested in the basic field. It is recommended that the government promote strong enterprises and research institutes to select some core technologies. Cooperate with the research, support domestic robot companies to carry out trademark registration and patent declaration at home and abroad, and participate in the formulation of industry and product standards to improve the right to speak in the robot industry.
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