In recent years, the tide of promoting green lighting products around the world has been surging. Many developed countries and regions such as the United States, the European Union, Canada, and Japan have also made many achievements in the promotion of many years. Research on the work of these countries and regions can bring many lessons to be learned from the formulation of green lighting promotion policies and industrial development in China. Recently, at the International Symposium on China's Green Lighting Development, relevant experts from the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, China Energy Conservation Center and other units have summarized and analyzed the development strategy of foreign green lighting and discussed the green lighting at home and abroad in the new situation. Direction of development.
US: Promoting LED development with policies According to Liu Hong, Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, one of the measures taken by the United States to promote green lighting is to base its national strategy on the development of LED lighting with detailed and comprehensive plans and comprehensive and effective policy measures. The United States focuses on manufacturing R&D. From the project arrangement of the country's SSL (solid-state lighting) R&D program, LED and OLED manufacturing R&D projects are newly added projects in the past two years, and financial support exceeds core technology R&D and products. Development topics show that the United States has begun to shift from focusing on technology product development to technological product development and manufacturing R&D.
In addition, the United States is committed to building a system of patent standards. On the one hand, the United States attaches great importance to the basic research and core technology research of LEDs, with particular emphasis on translating research results into effective patents to gradually form a patent network for the US LED industry. On the other hand, the United States also supports standardization development. The US Department of Energy Already with the American Electrical Appliance Manufacturers Association, the Next Generation Lighting Industry Alliance, and other companies and research institutions to develop the necessary standards, has released a number of new standards for LED products, the most attention being the "Integrated LED lamp announced last year. ENERGY STAR Certification, which is regarded as one of the most influential technical trade measures in the world last year, has modified a number of product data standards and raised the threshold for products entering the US market.
Developing authoritative quality certification is also one of the key tasks of the United States. Similar to the domestic market, the US market is also filled with uneven quality LED lighting products, and the identified technical performance indicators are also varied, there is a clear "moisture." In order to regulate the market, the US Department of Energy organized and implemented the CALIPER test project. The operation of this project is currently a major highlight of the US SSL program. Currently, 9 rounds of tests have been conducted, mainly randomly sampling LED products from the market. Compare it with its logo and make the results public.
Liu Hong believes that the US semiconductor lighting development strategy mainly focuses on the following aspects: First, strengthen basic research to improve basic understanding. Focusing on basic scientific issues, the basic principles of physics, chemistry, and materials science, including electronic and optical process knowledge, are used to develop new synthetic technologies and new materials. The second is to strengthen core technology research to fill the knowledge gap. The core technology research is mainly undertaken by academic institutions, national laboratories, and research institutes. These projects can fill technical gaps, provide accurate knowledge and data, and enrich the knowledge base. The third is to strengthen product development and use knowledge income. They systematically use basic or applied research knowledge to develop or improve commercial raw materials, devices or light sources. Technical activities are mainly focused on the price, quality and performance parameters of the products for which the market applications are concerned. The fourth is to strengthen commercialization activities and promote market development. Through cooperation with solid-state lighting industry partners, other industries, and energy organizations, the U.S. Department of Energy has planned a series of activities that include the drafting of "Energy Star" standards for solid-state lighting technologies and products; lighting devices and light sources based on solid-state lighting technology. Design competition; carry out technology procurement plan, encourage manufacturers to produce high-quality energy-saving products on the market, and contact customers to purchase; informed plans for consumers and businesses; coordinate efficiency improvement and regional energy efficiency plans; provide lighting design experts and students with information resources, etc. . The fifth is to strengthen the solid-state lighting industry cooperation to improve the level of manufacturing and commercialization. The cooperation between the US Department of Energy and the next-generation lighting industry alliance is a solid support for the solid-state lighting project. The signed memorandum of agreement details the strategy of improving manufacturing and commercialization through the use of technologies owned by the next-generation lighting industry consortium. The sixth is to strengthen standard development and make meaningful product comparisons. Although the United States currently has no established grades and standards for solid-state lighting products, the US Department of Energy has begun to develop necessary metrics, regulations, and standards with the American Electrical Appliance Manufacturers Association, the Next Generation Lighting Industry Alliance, and other companies and research institutions.
EU: The promotion of green lighting for solid-state lighting has been promoted in many areas. The focus of the European Union is also on solid-state lighting. At present, the globally intensive manufacturing and research activities have further improved the energy efficiency of solid-state lighting and reduced production costs. According to statistics, the energy conversion rate of incandescent lamps is 2%, and that of compact fluorescent lamps is about 25%. The energy efficiency of existing fluorescent lamps and other traditional lighting products is close to the theoretical limit, and there is little room for further improvement. At present, the energy conversion rate of white LED products is 30% to 50%, the luminous efficiency is 100 to 150 lm/W, and the color rendering index is 80. It is expected that in the next 10 years, the energy conversion rate of warm white LED lighting products will reach 50% to 60%, the luminous efficiency will exceed 200lm/W, and the color rendering index will exceed 90, which will become the lighting product with the highest luminous efficiency. In addition, OLED has also become a rising star in the lighting field in recent years. It is based on this that the EU will focus on the promotion of green lighting in the field of solid-state lighting.
According to Yu Cong, Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, the EU SSL promotion policy is very comprehensive. They used the existing ecological design, energy signs, eco-labeling, and other policies to promote SSL. They also promoted publicity and education to help consumers understand SSL and strengthen the quality supervision of SSL products. They also supported the city's willingness to innovate financial incentives. The city launched a pilot project on SSL lighting and explored new mechanisms to support large-scale application and pilot demonstration of intelligent lighting systems. In the area of ​​public buildings, the government implemented green procurement, issued energy efficiency directives to support SSL promotion, and required public buildings to purchase the highest energy efficiency rating in the market. Energy-using products require that all newly-built public buildings reach the standard of zero energy consumption by 2019. By 2021, all newly-built buildings will meet this standard. In the residential sector, the contract energy management model will be adopted to promote the popularization of SSL products and to promote personal consumption. The purchase of SSL products to replace the financial incentives of traditional lighting products.
Solid-state lighting has new features. LED high-efficiency point light sources and OLED ultra-thin high-efficiency surface light sources will greatly expand the flexibility of lighting design, greatly extending the lighting industry's industrial chain and bringing about new changes in the lighting industry. Therefore, the European Union regards the development of solid-state lighting as part of its sustainable development strategy, aligns it with a series of related policies such as the development plan of science and technology and energy-saving strategies; it focuses on standardization strategy and intellectual property strategy, and grasps the market by grasping the standard discourse and technological advantages. Leading power. These experiences are worth our studying. In addition, we should also note that the initial investment in solid-state lighting is high, and the cost of operation and maintenance is low. Therefore, new financing channels and business models need to be developed to transform the lighting industry from providing lighting products to providing lighting services and intelligent lighting systems. At the seminar of foreign experience highlights, experts also analyzed and summarized the promotion of green lighting in Japan, Korea, and Canada. According to experts, taking a broad view of the work methods of promoting green lighting in foreign countries, their experience is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the lighting energy-saving action is included in the national strategy, and it is promoted in the form of national legislation; the second is to establish the minimum energy efficiency standard. Leading, promoting the development of lighting technology and energy saving at the same time; third is to combine green building codes and certifications to improve lighting system efficiency in an all-round way; fourth is to strictly carry out product testing and inspection; Fifth is to strengthen publicity and education to accelerate the promotion of product energy efficiency labels and ecological labels Sixth, financial subsidies are provided by the state through demonstration projects, bulk purchases, and other forms.
US: Promoting LED development with policies According to Liu Hong, Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, one of the measures taken by the United States to promote green lighting is to base its national strategy on the development of LED lighting with detailed and comprehensive plans and comprehensive and effective policy measures. The United States focuses on manufacturing R&D. From the project arrangement of the country's SSL (solid-state lighting) R&D program, LED and OLED manufacturing R&D projects are newly added projects in the past two years, and financial support exceeds core technology R&D and products. Development topics show that the United States has begun to shift from focusing on technology product development to technological product development and manufacturing R&D.
In addition, the United States is committed to building a system of patent standards. On the one hand, the United States attaches great importance to the basic research and core technology research of LEDs, with particular emphasis on translating research results into effective patents to gradually form a patent network for the US LED industry. On the other hand, the United States also supports standardization development. The US Department of Energy Already with the American Electrical Appliance Manufacturers Association, the Next Generation Lighting Industry Alliance, and other companies and research institutions to develop the necessary standards, has released a number of new standards for LED products, the most attention being the "Integrated LED lamp announced last year. ENERGY STAR Certification, which is regarded as one of the most influential technical trade measures in the world last year, has modified a number of product data standards and raised the threshold for products entering the US market.
Developing authoritative quality certification is also one of the key tasks of the United States. Similar to the domestic market, the US market is also filled with uneven quality LED lighting products, and the identified technical performance indicators are also varied, there is a clear "moisture." In order to regulate the market, the US Department of Energy organized and implemented the CALIPER test project. The operation of this project is currently a major highlight of the US SSL program. Currently, 9 rounds of tests have been conducted, mainly randomly sampling LED products from the market. Compare it with its logo and make the results public.
Liu Hong believes that the US semiconductor lighting development strategy mainly focuses on the following aspects: First, strengthen basic research to improve basic understanding. Focusing on basic scientific issues, the basic principles of physics, chemistry, and materials science, including electronic and optical process knowledge, are used to develop new synthetic technologies and new materials. The second is to strengthen core technology research to fill the knowledge gap. The core technology research is mainly undertaken by academic institutions, national laboratories, and research institutes. These projects can fill technical gaps, provide accurate knowledge and data, and enrich the knowledge base. The third is to strengthen product development and use knowledge income. They systematically use basic or applied research knowledge to develop or improve commercial raw materials, devices or light sources. Technical activities are mainly focused on the price, quality and performance parameters of the products for which the market applications are concerned. The fourth is to strengthen commercialization activities and promote market development. Through cooperation with solid-state lighting industry partners, other industries, and energy organizations, the U.S. Department of Energy has planned a series of activities that include the drafting of "Energy Star" standards for solid-state lighting technologies and products; lighting devices and light sources based on solid-state lighting technology. Design competition; carry out technology procurement plan, encourage manufacturers to produce high-quality energy-saving products on the market, and contact customers to purchase; informed plans for consumers and businesses; coordinate efficiency improvement and regional energy efficiency plans; provide lighting design experts and students with information resources, etc. . The fifth is to strengthen the solid-state lighting industry cooperation to improve the level of manufacturing and commercialization. The cooperation between the US Department of Energy and the next-generation lighting industry alliance is a solid support for the solid-state lighting project. The signed memorandum of agreement details the strategy of improving manufacturing and commercialization through the use of technologies owned by the next-generation lighting industry consortium. The sixth is to strengthen standard development and make meaningful product comparisons. Although the United States currently has no established grades and standards for solid-state lighting products, the US Department of Energy has begun to develop necessary metrics, regulations, and standards with the American Electrical Appliance Manufacturers Association, the Next Generation Lighting Industry Alliance, and other companies and research institutions.
EU: The promotion of green lighting for solid-state lighting has been promoted in many areas. The focus of the European Union is also on solid-state lighting. At present, the globally intensive manufacturing and research activities have further improved the energy efficiency of solid-state lighting and reduced production costs. According to statistics, the energy conversion rate of incandescent lamps is 2%, and that of compact fluorescent lamps is about 25%. The energy efficiency of existing fluorescent lamps and other traditional lighting products is close to the theoretical limit, and there is little room for further improvement. At present, the energy conversion rate of white LED products is 30% to 50%, the luminous efficiency is 100 to 150 lm/W, and the color rendering index is 80. It is expected that in the next 10 years, the energy conversion rate of warm white LED lighting products will reach 50% to 60%, the luminous efficiency will exceed 200lm/W, and the color rendering index will exceed 90, which will become the lighting product with the highest luminous efficiency. In addition, OLED has also become a rising star in the lighting field in recent years. It is based on this that the EU will focus on the promotion of green lighting in the field of solid-state lighting.
According to Yu Cong, Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, the EU SSL promotion policy is very comprehensive. They used the existing ecological design, energy signs, eco-labeling, and other policies to promote SSL. They also promoted publicity and education to help consumers understand SSL and strengthen the quality supervision of SSL products. They also supported the city's willingness to innovate financial incentives. The city launched a pilot project on SSL lighting and explored new mechanisms to support large-scale application and pilot demonstration of intelligent lighting systems. In the area of ​​public buildings, the government implemented green procurement, issued energy efficiency directives to support SSL promotion, and required public buildings to purchase the highest energy efficiency rating in the market. Energy-using products require that all newly-built public buildings reach the standard of zero energy consumption by 2019. By 2021, all newly-built buildings will meet this standard. In the residential sector, the contract energy management model will be adopted to promote the popularization of SSL products and to promote personal consumption. The purchase of SSL products to replace the financial incentives of traditional lighting products.
Solid-state lighting has new features. LED high-efficiency point light sources and OLED ultra-thin high-efficiency surface light sources will greatly expand the flexibility of lighting design, greatly extending the lighting industry's industrial chain and bringing about new changes in the lighting industry. Therefore, the European Union regards the development of solid-state lighting as part of its sustainable development strategy, aligns it with a series of related policies such as the development plan of science and technology and energy-saving strategies; it focuses on standardization strategy and intellectual property strategy, and grasps the market by grasping the standard discourse and technological advantages. Leading power. These experiences are worth our studying. In addition, we should also note that the initial investment in solid-state lighting is high, and the cost of operation and maintenance is low. Therefore, new financing channels and business models need to be developed to transform the lighting industry from providing lighting products to providing lighting services and intelligent lighting systems. At the seminar of foreign experience highlights, experts also analyzed and summarized the promotion of green lighting in Japan, Korea, and Canada. According to experts, taking a broad view of the work methods of promoting green lighting in foreign countries, their experience is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the lighting energy-saving action is included in the national strategy, and it is promoted in the form of national legislation; the second is to establish the minimum energy efficiency standard. Leading, promoting the development of lighting technology and energy saving at the same time; third is to combine green building codes and certifications to improve lighting system efficiency in an all-round way; fourth is to strictly carry out product testing and inspection; Fifth is to strengthen publicity and education to accelerate the promotion of product energy efficiency labels and ecological labels Sixth, financial subsidies are provided by the state through demonstration projects, bulk purchases, and other forms.
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