In general, the displacement and power of an automobile engine are directly proportional. To increase the output power of the engine, the most direct method is to increase the displacement of the engine. However, while the displacement is increased, the precision, weight and energy consumption of the engine manufacturing are also increased indefinitely, and the disadvantages are also obvious. In order to resolve this contradiction, the ingenious automotive engineers have used the engine boost technology in an innovative way, which makes it possible for the car engine to obtain additional high-power power output.
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History of the use of turbo technology
The supercharging technology of automobile engines can be divided into mechanical supercharging and exhaust turbocharging, among which exhaust turbocharging technology is most widely used due to higher energy efficiency ratio.
When it comes to turbo technology, it has been around for more than 100 years. In 1905 Dr. Alfred Buchi applied for the patented-powered axial supercharger of the first turbocharger. By 1961, the car began to tentatively install the supercharger, but because of the tremendous pressure and heat generated in an instant, the effect after installation was not satisfactory. Saab, from Northern Europe, is the first car manufacturer to apply turbochargers to automotive products. The Saab 99 car, which was introduced in 1977, makes the car engine use turbo technology. It began to mature, and its arrival also announced the birth of a new era in the automotive industry. Turbocharging technology rewrites the traditional concept of "displacement size determines power."
Turbocharged engine performance
A car equipped with a turbocharged engine not only has a digital performance in terms of power and power, but also far exceeds the same-displacement car product. In actual use, it can be compared with its own previous class. Competing. For example, Saab's 2.0-liter turbocharged engine on the latest Saab 9-3 Vector 2.0TS can output an amazing 155 kW of power at 5,300 rpm, an indicator that has almost caught up with the regular car's 3.0 displacement. Engine. That is to say, to some extent, the power produced by this four-cylinder engine is equivalent to that of a conventional six-cylinder engine. This brings obvious advantages, not only does it need to spend more in pursuit of high speed. The cost of buying a large displacement car, and the engine is less noisy when working, and the use of a lighter engine is more beneficial to reduce the weight of the vehicle and reduce fuel consumption.
Environmentally friendly, lower emission standards are also an important advantage of turbochargers. Because today's pollution is getting worse, a car manufacturer with a high sense of responsibility must not only satisfy the customer's desire to drive the car, but also ensure that the product has enough driving pleasure, and it is also necessary to protect the environment and create a good living space. The turbocharger is just enough to meet the comprehensive requirements of improving fuel economy and reducing emissions without sacrificing driving pleasure. Because the boost will provide more air to the combustion chamber, making the combustion more thorough and the emissions more clean. Especially in high-altitude air thin areas and cold regions, turbine engines can also work effectively. At present, only Saab Saab is the only car brand in the whole series that uses turbo technology.
Performance principle of turbocharged engines
Compared to the turbo engine's superior advantages, its core components can be as simple as an air pump. The exhaust gas discharged from the engine drives the impeller on the turbocharger side. As it turns faster and faster, the impeller on the Other side also accelerates synchronously, increasing the amount of intake air entering the combustion chamber. Although the principle is simple, but in fact it is very complicated and precise, not only the tight fit of the internal components, but also the turbocharger should be closely matched with the engine, otherwise it will reduce the efficiency of the engine and even cause damage. In this regard, Saab's advantages are obvious. Saab's original power split technology and their newly developed engine management system Trionic8 are designed according to the needs of turbocharged engines. It can accurately understand the driver's intentions. And in this way to control the engine start process and the temperature response of various parts, while improving the response sensitivity of the torque and throttle.
Turbo technology tomorrow
As technology advances, turbochargers have become smaller, smaller, higher speeds, and have better air compression ratios. Today, in Europe, turbochargers have accounted for 50%, and turbocharged engines have become the mainstream of improving power performance. With the new high-temperature materials, new balancing technology and the use of a small oil bearing system and new electronic controls, turbochargers are also playing an important role in future cars.
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