Whether driven by Moore's Law or consumer demand, the level of performance required in today's television may seem inconsistent.
Compared to standard definition television format (SDTV), digital TV with 1080 pixels of high definition (HD) format drives up to six times more data, managing digital TV, IPTV, video conferencing, and processing Dolby AC-3, MPEG and other audio formats, these features have become a must for digital TV (DTV).
From the highest requirements for audio, video and input signal formats, there are several options to choose from: front projection, rear projection, DLP, LCD, plasma and CRT. Whether you're watching a TV on a 1-inch display embedded in your watch, or watching TV on a whole wall with a projection system's display, the combination of size and performance is almost endless.
Digital TV Foundation
Even though every TV on the shelf today can be very different in terms of size, appearance, form factor and the basic description given to you by the salesperson, the basic building blocks of the TV are very different when you look inside. similar.
In general, digital television can be broken down into less than 10 major modules: display (and drive), core media engine, audio codec and processing, video codec and processing, tuner, interface module, and power supply. The absolute performance requirements for each module are defined by the level of performance of the comfort experience of your favorite seat.
The figure below is a block diagram of a typical digital TV system.
Figure 1: Block diagram of a typical digital TV system
In Figure 1, we present the basic block diagram of HDTV, which we have considered at the functional block diagram level. The development of a television system behind the screen requires a number of tools that are available from a variety of businesses. However, in the process of integrating solutions from different component suppliers, it is necessary to speed up the design cycle to shorten the time to market and ensure compatibility. Whether using DLP technology, DSP-based digital media processors, other core processing solutions, or some other high-performance analog components, you need to design highly integrated, flexible, and easy-to-use numbers for the rapidly evolving digital TV market. TV set. For converged applications, designing high-performance audio and video CODEC, graphics acceleration, communication and support functions into the home entertainment experience system is critical.
Video design
Consumers often place very high demands on the video experience while watching TV. Because of this, resolution, brightness, contrast, and sharpness are important to the “realistic†experience that appears. For TVs, support for multiple ATSCTDV formats, NTSC and PAL decoding, composite and S-Video inputs, and 2D filtering are all critical. With the development of high-definition television, supporting full HD with 1080i resolution with 3D filtering will be the standard configuration. In the process of receiving the video signal chain as shown in Figure 1, it is important to select a video decoder, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and video buffer with the ability to mix various functions so that you can The cost target adjusts performance.
Figure 2: Data stream path of the video decoder
Figure 2 shows the data stream path of the video decoder, which is responsible for processing NTSC, PAL, SECAM, S-Video, SCART, YPbPr, RGB, 480p and other input formats. In digital TV, support for this level of flexibility is required, simply to allow a model to work in any format with actual settings. Typical performance characteristics of digital TV decoders include: sync, blanking, field, active video window, horizontal and vertical sync, clock, genlock (for downstream video encoding synchronization), main CPU interrupt, and programmable logic I/ O signal. This complements digital video output and data recovery for advanced vertical blanking (VBI). As an added feature, some video decoders support the VBI Data Processor (VDP) for data fragmentation, parsing, and error parsing on teletext broadcasts, subtitles (CC), and other VBI data. The built-in FIFO stores up to 11 lines of text TV broadcast data, and proper main interface synchronization and full screen text TV broadcast recovery are several common requirements in today's systems. However, some implementations require a decoder that can provide output formatted data at twice the speed of the sampled raw luminance data for the main CPU based VBI processing.
For ADCs in the signal chain, PC and HD video outputs require improved jitter reduction, higher image quality in video systems, and the ability to support ever-increasing bandwidth demands. In digital TV implementations, an 8/10-bit triple ADC typically provides a sampling rate of 165 Msps, providing rich video performance and is ideal for commercial projectors, televisions, and set-top boxes.
Finally, the video signal chain's output resolution is matched to the performance of the display and the resolution of the input signal to optimize the video design. In the low-resolution CRT TV era, a lower-performance front end may always be acceptable, but with today's high-resolution displays, any noise or irregular signals in the analog front end will be clearly displayed. Digital TV on the screen.
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