Texas Instruments Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) Design

ADAS

The vehicle vision control system processes data from sources such as digital cameras, lasers, radars, and other sensors to perform tasks such as route departure reminders, doze sensing, or parking assistance. The processed information is displayed on the display or broadcast via an audible warning signal.

Power Management: The power supply is connected to a 12V or 24V stencil, and the voltage is adjusted up/down for DSP, uC, memory and IC and other functions such as stepper motor, communication interface, display deviation and background. When designing a small, low-cost, and efficient design, power supply design becomes a critical task because of the need for multiple different power rails. A linear regulator with low quiescent current helps reduce battery leakage during standby mode (off ignition), is the load dump voltage tolerance of devices directly connected to the battery, requires low dropout and tracks low battery crankshafts operating.

In addition to providing enhanced conversion efficiency, switching power supplies provide switching rate control for switching FETs for EMI improvement, frequency hopping, spread spectrum or triangulation for attenuating peak spectral energy, low Iq, for power sequencing and surge Current-limited soft-start, phase-controlled switches for multiple SMPS regulators to reduce input ripple current and reduce input capacitance, higher switching frequency (L and C) for smaller components, and undervoltage Indicating SVS function

The communication interface allows for the exchange of data between the automotive independent electronic module, the remote sub-module of the infotainment system, and external devices such as USB memory or video sources. High-speed CAN (up to 1Mbps, ISO119898) is a two-wire fault-tolerant differential bus. It features a wide input common-mode range and differential signaling technology that acts as the primary vehicle bus type for interconnecting individual electronic modules within the vehicle. LIN supports low-speed (up to 20kbps) single-bus wired networks, primarily for communicating with remote sub-functions of infotainment systems. The LVDS interface is used to transfer large amounts of data to a video screen or video source (digital camera chip) via a high speed serial connection.

Display: Some automotive vision systems have display support features such as parking assistance. Depending on the type of display, the power solution used to display the deviation needs to be placed on top of the LED or CCVF driver for backlight control. Video information can be sent directly from the uC or via the LVDS interface, depending on the size of the display.

Microprocessor: Universal uC handles system control functions and communication with other in-vehicle modules. The core digital function is the DSP, which is responsible for processing data from digital input sources such as CCD cameras. Depending on the desired performance, a simple screen drive to a complex digital algorithm (such as pattern recognition) may be required. The MCU also needs a high enough performance speed to service the stepper motor in real time.

Rice Cooker

A rice cooker or rice steamer is an automated kitchen appliance designed to boil or steam rice. It consists of a heat source, a cooking bowl, and a thermostat. The thermostat measures the temperature of the cooking bowl and controls the heat. Complex rice cookers may have many more sensors and other components, and may be multipurpose.  Cooking rice has traditionally required constant attention to ensure the rice was cooked properly, and not burnt. Electric rice cookers automate the process by mechanically or electronically controlling heat and timing, thus freeing up a heating element on the cooking range that had to be otherwise occupied for rice cooking. Although the rice cooker does not necessarily speed up the cooking process, with an electric rice cooker the cook's involvement in cooking rice is reduced to simply measuring the rice, preparing the rice properly and using the correct amount of water. Once the rice cooker is set to cook, the rice will be cooked with no further attention.

 

Features:

 

For modern home rice cookers, the smallest single-person model cooks 1 rice cup (180 ml), whereas large models can cook 10 cups. Commercial models can cook 20 or more cups. As a possible source of confusion, model specifications and names may list either cooked or uncooked capacity. Rice roughly doubles in size during cooking; therefore, a 10 cup (uncooked) rice cooker can produce up to 20 cups of cooked rice. The prices vary greatly, depending on the capacity, features, materials used, and the country of origin.

The majority of modern electric rice cookers are equipped with a stay-warm or keep-warm feature, which keeps the rice at an optimal temperature for serving without over-cooking it. Some gas cookers also have electric stay-warm mechanism. However, the usefulness of this feature degrades over time, a microwave may be more energy efficient or better suited to reheat rice that will sit longer than four hours.

Some rice cookers use induction heating, with one or more induction heaters directly warming the pot. This can improve energy efficiency.

Most modern rice cookers use aluminium for the inner cooking bowl. There are some models that use stainless steel instead of aluminium. Various other materials, such as copper, pure carbon, ceramic, and diamond powder coating, may be used for higher heat conductivity or better taste.

The pressure-cooking models can raise the water's boiling point higher, e.g., from 100 °C at 1.0 atm up to about 110 °C at 1.4 atm, which speeds cooking. The pressure-cooking models can also be used in high altitude areas, where the boiling temperature is below 100 Celsius. Pressure cookers are also suitable for cooking brown rice (which contains oils and bran fiber that cook differently from pure white rice starch). Some pressure rice cookers have a varying pressure control mechanism (named the "dual-pressure" method) that creates repeated pressure/release cycles during the cooking.

There also exist mechanisms to collect and return the boiled over liquid to the inner rice bowl.

Many cookers now have microprocessor-controlled cooking cycles, which are often used to adjust for rice and cooking type.

 

Applications

 

Rice cookers are typically used for the preparation of plain or lightly seasoned rice. Each rice cooker model may be optimized to cook a certain type of rice best. For example, most Japanese rice cookers are optimized for cooking Japanese rice and may not be the best for other types of rice[citation needed], although cooking time can be lengthened simply by more water.

The typical method of cooking long grain rice is boil-and-strain and/or steaming method. The absorption method used in Japanese rice cookers will produce slightly different texture and taste, usually stickier rice.

Brown rice generally needs longer cooking times than white rice, unless it is broken or flourblasted (which perforates the bran).

Different varieties of rice need different cooking times, depending on their grain size, grain shape, and grain composition. There are three main types of Asian rice: Oryza sativa subsp. indica, i.e., Indian rice (long grain rice, e.g., basmati rice and Thai jasmine rice), O. sativa subsp. javanica, i.e., Java rice (large grain rice) and O. sativa subsp. japonica, i.e., Japanese rice (medium grain rice, e.g., Calrose rice, short grain rice, e.g., most Japanese rice and risotto rice).

African rice, Oryza glaberrima, is an entirely separate species, but can be cooked in the same way. Zizania is not even in the same genus, although it is often called a rice (or "water oats"); it, too, can also be cooked in a rice cooker.

A rice cooker can be used to cook many boiled or steamed granular foods, such as pot barley, bulgar wheat, and dal. Provided the ingredients have similar cooking times, a rice cooker can cook mixtures such as khichdi. Some rice cookers can be used as automated couscoussiers, cooking couscous and a stew simultaneously.

Rice Cooker

Rice Cooker,Drum Rice Cooker,Deluxe Rice Cooker,Straight Rice Cooker

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